Detection and signal amplification of tumor biomarkers based on carbon nanodots
Background: Cancer is a disease that seriously endangers human health. The current diagnostic methods mainly rely on tissue biopsy, imaging and blood detection, etc., but these methods have problems such as high trauma, high cost, low sensitivity and poor specificity. In order to improve the early detection and accurate diagnosis of tumors, tumor biomarkers, as a molecular signal reflecting the occurrence, development and metastasis of tumors, have attracted extensive attention and research in recent years. Tumor biomarkers are molecules that are present or abnormally expressed in tumor cells or body fluids, such as proteins, genes, metabolites, etc. The use of tumor biomarkers for tumor detection can achieve non-invasive or minimally invasive, rapid or real-time, sensitive or specific diagnostic effects. However, due to the low content of tumor biomarkers and the interference of many factors in vivo and in vitro, it is difficult to detect them, requiring complex pre-processing and signal amplification techniques. In order to solve these problems, in recent years, carbon nanodots (CDs), as a new type of carbon-based nanomaterials, has shown great potential in the field of biosensing due to its excellent optical properties, low toxicity, easy preparation and easy functionalization. CDs refers to carbon nanoparticles with a diameter of less than 10 nm, which have high fluorescence, stability and biocompatibility, and can achieve regulation of fluorescence color and intensity by changing the carbon source or synthesis method. Using CDs as a sensor or signal amplifier, sensitive detection of tumor biomarkers can be realized, and the accuracy and sensitivity of detection can be improved by designing signal amplification strategies (such as DNase, nucleic acid probe, etc.).
Project Information: This project aims to develop a CDs-based electrochemical luminescence (ECL) biosensor for the detection of tumor-associated miRNA-21. miRNA-21, a microrNA molecule that is overexpressed in a variety of tumors, is considered to be an important tumor biomarker because it can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells. In this study, CDs will be used as ECL signal amplifiers to achieve highly sensitive and selective detection of miRNA-21 through modification of DNA probes specifically bound to miRNA-21, combined with DNase catalytic reaction and nucleic acid probe signal conversion strategies.
Project content:
CDs with high ECL performance were synthesized, characterized, modified and functionalized.
DNA probes specifically bound to miRNA-21 were designed and synthesized, and modified with CDs.
Construct and optimize ECL biosensor based on CDs-DNA probe complex, and evaluate its detection performance for miRNA-21;
Assessing the biocompatibility and safety of ECL biosensors in vitro and in vivo;
To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of ECL biosensors for the detection of miRNA-21 in clinical samples.
Topic innovation:
Using CDs as ECL signal amplifier, the detection of miRNA-21 is highly sensitive and selective, overcoming the problems of low sensitivity and poor specificity of traditional fluorescence or electrochemical methods.
Using DNase catalyzed reaction and nucleic acid probe signal conversion strategy, the signal amplification and signal conversion of miRNA-21 were realized, which improved the accuracy and sensitivity of detection.
Using the low toxicity and biocompatibility of CDs, the non-invasive or minimally invasive detection of miRNA-21 can be achieved, reducing the cost and risk of detection.
Project Information: This project aims to develop a CDs-based electrochemical luminescence (ECL) biosensor for the detection of tumor-associated miRNA-21. miRNA-21, a microrNA molecule that is overexpressed in a variety of tumors, is considered to be an important tumor biomarker because it can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells. In this study, CDs will be used as ECL signal amplifiers to achieve highly sensitive and selective detection of miRNA-21 through modification of DNA probes specifically bound to miRNA-21, combined with DNase catalytic reaction and nucleic acid probe signal conversion strategies.
Project content:
CDs with high ECL performance were synthesized, characterized, modified and functionalized.
DNA probes specifically bound to miRNA-21 were designed and synthesized, and modified with CDs.
Construct and optimize ECL biosensor based on CDs-DNA probe complex, and evaluate its detection performance for miRNA-21;
Assessing the biocompatibility and safety of ECL biosensors in vitro and in vivo;
To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of ECL biosensors for the detection of miRNA-21 in clinical samples.
Topic innovation:
Using CDs as ECL signal amplifier, the detection of miRNA-21 is highly sensitive and selective, overcoming the problems of low sensitivity and poor specificity of traditional fluorescence or electrochemical methods.
Using DNase catalyzed reaction and nucleic acid probe signal conversion strategy, the signal amplification and signal conversion of miRNA-21 were realized, which improved the accuracy and sensitivity of detection.
Using the low toxicity and biocompatibility of CDs, the non-invasive or minimally invasive detection of miRNA-21 can be achieved, reducing the cost and risk of detection.
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